Underneath

William James, a pioneering psychologist and philosopher, once wrote: "We are like icebergs in the ocean: one-eighth part consciousness and the rest submerged beneath the surface of articulate apprehension." In this powerful analogy, James illustrates the relationship between our conscious awareness—the tip of the iceberg—and the vast, hidden realm of the subconscious that lies beneath. This concept extends beyond the individual mind, as layers of meaning, influence, and complexity lie hidden beneath the surface of our physical, social, and cultural worlds. In this section, we invite you to delve into the rich strata that make up everything from the depths of the subconscious mind to the hidden networks of power and influence that shape our societies, from the literal layers of the Earth to the metaphorical underpinnings of our beliefs and behaviors. Here, we explore the fascinating and often overlooked dimensions of the world beneath the surface.

a man in a blue shirt under water
a man in a blue shirt under water

Key themes

Guiding Questions

  • Layering Structure in Various Contexts and Impact of Such Organization

  • Reciprocal Influence of the Subconscious and Societal Norms on Individual Behaviors and Attitudes

  • Geological Composition and Dynamics

  • Hidden Networks, Power Dynamics, and Criminal Underbellies in Society

  • Beliefs About Underworlds and Their Significance in Our Values and Practices

  • Uncovering Secrets and Revealing Hidden Truths: The Role of Investigation, Introspection, and Discovery

  1. How do subconscious feelings and beliefs influence our reactions and behaviors in everyday life?

  2. How do societal norms and expectations influence the subconscious beliefs and attitudes that underlie our behavior?

  3. What geological processes shape the composition and structure of the Earth's crust, and how do they influence landscapes and ecosystems?

  4. How do scientists study the Earth's interior? What insights have been gained about its composition and dynamics?

  5. In what ways can exploring underground environments, such as caves and caverns, reveal clues about Earth's history and the processes that have shaped its surface?

  6. How do criminal underbellies operate beneath the surface of society, and what factors contribute to their formation and persistence?

  7. In what ways do religious and mythological underworlds reflect human beliefs, fears, and hopes? How do they shape our understanding of the afterlife and the nature of existence?

  8. What hidden boundaries, such as social norms, cultural divisions, and power dynamics, shape our interactions and experiences? How can we become more aware of their influence?

  9. How do investigative journalists, whistleblowers, and activists uncover secrets and bring hidden information to light? What role does this play in promoting transparency and accountability?

  10. How can exploring the hidden depths of our own minds, through practices such as introspection, therapy, or meditation, lead to greater self-awareness and personal growth?